Biogas is a product of anaerobic fermentation of biomass, and is a high-quality renewable biomass energy source. Its main component is CH4 (about 55% -70%) CO2 (about 30% -45%), as well as a small amount of H2S, O2, CO, N2, and other hydrocarbons. The CO2 in biogas reduces the energy density and calorific value of biogas, limiting its utilization range. Therefore, it is necessary to decarbonize and purify biogas to reduce its CO2 content.

沼气提纯的技术主要有以下及方面：

The technologies for purifying biogas mainly include the following aspects:

1、膜分离法是近几年发展较快的一种节能型CO2分离回收工艺，该法利用沼气中不同组分在通过膜时的溶解度和渗透率不同，实现沼气的分离。

1. Membrane separation method is an energy-saving CO2 separation and recovery process that has developed rapidly in recent years. This method utilizes the different solubility and permeability of different components in biogas when passing through the membrane to achieve the separation of biogas.

2、化学吸收法是利用弱碱性吸收液，在吸附塔内吸收酸性CO2，然后在高温条件下进入解吸塔完成再生，从而达到脱除沼气中CO2的目的。

2. Chemical absorption method uses weakly alkaline absorption liquid to absorb acidic CO2 in the adsorption tower, and then enters the desorption tower under high temperature conditions to complete regeneration, thereby achieving the purpose of removing CO2 from biogas.

3、水洗法是利用CO2和CH4在水中溶解度不同，通过物理吸收，实现CO2和CH4的分离目的。

3. The water washing method utilizes the different solubility of CO2 and CH4 in water to achieve the separation of CO2 and CH4 through physical absorption.

4、变压吸附法的吸附原理是利用吸附剂对CH4、CO2的吸附能力不同，对沼气中的CO2进行选择性吸附，使之与CH4分离。

4. The adsorption principle of pressure swing adsorption method is to selectively adsorb CO2 from biogas by utilizing the different adsorption abilities of adsorbents for CH4 and CO2, in order to separate it from CH4.

5、低温分离法是利用CH4和CO2沸点不同，在低温条件下将沼气中CO2转变为液体或固体，但CH4仍保持气体状态，从而实现二者的分离。

5. The low-temperature separation method utilizes the different boiling points of CH4 and CO2 to convert CO2 in biogas into liquid or solid under low-temperature conditions, but CH4 remains in a gaseous state, thus achieving the separation of the two.

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