沼气是一种可再生能源,在畜禽粪便、餐厨垃圾、环卫粪便和其他有机废弃物的厌氧发酵过程中产生,主要由甲烷和二氧化碳组成。厌氧发酵过程中产生的沼气进行脱水、除尘、脱硫、脱碳等处理后,可用于沼气发电实现热电联产或者进行提纯,提纯的沼气可用于汽车燃料、工业燃气或城镇燃气,从而减少化石能源使用量,保护环境。
Biogas is a kind of renewable energy, which is produced during the anaerobic fermentation of livestock manure, kitchen waste, sanitation manure and other organic wastes. It is mainly composed of methane and carbon dioxide. After dehydration, dust removal, desulfurization and decarbonization, the biogas produced in the process of anaerobic fermentation can be used for biogas power generation, cogeneration or purification. The purified biogas can be used for automobile fuel, industrial gas or urban gas, so as to reduce the use of fossil energy and protect the environment.
一、沼气热电联产
1、 Biogas cogeneration
将厌氧发酵处理产生的沼气用于驱动发电机组,产生电能在满足全厂用电的前提下,还可以向城市电网输送多余电能,沼气发电过程中不同温度的余热分别进行梯级回收利用,供生物质综合处理工艺使用,综合利用资源,实现热电联产。
The biogas produced by anaerobic fermentation is used to drive the generator set to generate electric energy. On the premise of meeting the power consumption of the whole plant, it can also transmit excess electric energy to the urban power grid. The waste heat at different temperatures in the process of biogas power generation is recycled step by step for the use of biomass comprehensive treatment process, comprehensive utilization of resources and Realization of cogeneration.
工艺流程:
technological process:
特点:
characteristic:
(1)实现梯级利用不同品质余热。(2)实现能源品味和能源转换效率的提高,输送便利、资金回报率高。(3)实现能源循环利用,解决沼气系统的加热和保温的全部或部分能耗,降低了整个工程的能耗,提高沼气产量和工程运行稳定性。(4)提高沼气工程的综合效益,其产生的经济价值相当于沼气直燃的3倍。
(1) Realize cascade utilization of waste heat of different quality. (2) Improve energy taste and energy conversion efficiency, with convenient transportation and high return on capital. (3) Realize energy recycling, solve all or part of the energy consumption of heating and thermal insulation of biogas system, reduce the energy consumption of the whole project, and improve the biogas output and operation stability of the project. (4) To improve the comprehensive benefits of biogas project, its economic value is equivalent to three times of biogas direct combustion.
二、沼气膜提纯
2、 Biogas membrane purification
氧发酵处理产生的沼气经过预处理后,沼气气体中各组分气体透过高分子膜时,根据它们在膜内的溶解度和扩散渗透速率的不同,更好地分离沼气中的CO2,使得沼气中甲烷的含量提高到95%-97%。沼气提纯后可用于车用燃气、工业燃气或城镇燃气等。
After the pretreatment of biogas produced by oxygen fermentation, when the components of biogas gas pass through the polymer membrane, the CO2 in biogas can be better separated according to their solubility and diffusion penetration rate in the membrane, so that the content of methane in biogas can be increased to 95% - 97%. After purification, biogas can be used for vehicle gas, industrial gas or urban gas.
技术原理:利用气体各组分在膜内的溶解度和扩散渗透速率的不同而将其进行分离。
Technical principle: the gas components are separated according to the different solubility and diffusion penetration rate in the membrane.
工艺优点:
Process advantages:
(1)纯物理过程,无二次污染。(2)撬装结构,建设周期短。(3)自动化程度高,运行可靠。(4)模块化设计,适合分期建设。(5)能耗低,维护成本低。(6)流量可调,适用范围广。(7)寿命长,使用方便,全年98%时间可以工作。(8)产品气稳定,甲烷回收率≥95%,产品气纯度≥95%。
(1) Pure physical process, no secondary pollution. (2) Skid mounted structure, short construction period. (3) High degree of automation and reliable operation. (4) Modular design, suitable for phased construction. (5) Low energy consumption and low maintenance cost. (6) Adjustable flow and wide application range. (7) Long service life, easy to use, 98% of the year can work. (8) The product gas is stable, the recovery rate of methane is ≥ 95%, and the purity of product gas is ≥ 95%.
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