在能源越来越紧张,环保要求越来越高的形势下,沼气利用对丰富和完善能源结构,缓解能源供需不平衡,提高可再生资源利用率,减少不可再生能源消耗,避免废弃物造成环境污染,降低工业、农牧业、养殖业生成成本,提升副产品利用价值有切实的意义。因此,沼气技术发展需要注意以下几点:
Under the situation of increasing energy shortage and environmental protection requirements, biogas utilization can enrich and improve the energy structure, alleviate the imbalance between energy supply and demand, improve the utilization rate of renewable resources, reduce the consumption of non-renewable energy, avoid environmental pollution caused by waste, and reduce the production costs of industry, agriculture, animal husbandry and aquaculture. It is of practical significance to upgrade the utilization value of by-products. Therefore, the development of biogas technology needs to pay attention to the following points:
(1)对多原料高浓度联合发酵技术研究,保证产气原料充足,提高装置产气率。沼气工程向集中化、大型化的方向发展,提高工程经济性和能源效率;
(1) Research on multi-material and high-concentration combined fermentation technology to ensure sufficient raw materials for gas production and improve the gas production rate of the plant. The biogas project is developing towards centralization and large-scale, so as to improve the engineering economy and energy efficiency.
(2)完善可再生能源激励政策,针对沼气工程的能量多层次利用和物质循环利用,既产生节能减排的公益性又带来环境效益,政府应加大财政补贴和扶持力度,给予一些优惠政策,鼓励发展;
(2) To improve the incentive policy of renewable energy, in view of the multi-level utilization of energy and material recycling of biogas projects, which not only produces the public benefits of energy conservation and emission reduction, but also brings environmental benefits, the government should increase financial subsidies and support, and give some preferential policies to encourage development;
(3)沼气综合利用技术开发,开展沼气提纯技术,可使沼气注入天然气网用做燃料,或代替汽油、柴油用于车辆,实现沼气利用高端化,提高能源效益。
(3) The development of comprehensive utilization technology of biogas and the development of biogas purification technology will enable biogas to be injected into natural gas network as fuel or used in vehicles instead of gasoline and diesel, so as to realize high-end utilization of biogas and improve energy efficiency.
(4)沼气发电和用于燃料电池,是有效利用沼气资源的新途径,具有很大的发展潜力;
(4) Biogas power generation and fuel cell are new ways to effectively utilize biogas resources, which have great potential for development.
(5)加强沼气工程新技术和新设备研发,提高效率,降低工程成本。尤其是适合偏远地区和孤岛等地综合利用的小型沼气利用技术开发;
(5) Strengthen the research and development of new technologies and equipment for biogas engineering, improve efficiency and reduce project costs. Especially suitable for remote areas and isolated islands and other areas of comprehensive utilization of small-scale methane utilization technology development;
(6)完善和合理规划养殖与种植产业布局,实现资源综合平衡利用,减少输送成本,提高效益。
(6) Improve and rationally plan the distribution of aquaculture and planting industries, achieve comprehensive and balanced utilization of resources, reduce transportation costs and improve efficiency.
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